{"id":2263,"date":"2023-07-03T08:00:16","date_gmt":"2023-07-03T12:00:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/venfort.com\/?p=3175"},"modified":"2023-11-29T16:22:59","modified_gmt":"2023-11-29T20:22:59","slug":"les-documents-electroniques-et-les-reseaux-sociaux-comme-elements-de-preuve-dans-les-procedures-judiciaires","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/venfort.com\/fr\/documentos-electronicos-redes-sociales-como-prueba-proceso-legal\/","title":{"rendered":"Les documents \u00e9lectroniques et les m\u00e9dias sociaux comme \u00e9l\u00e9ments de preuve dans les proc\u00e9dures judiciaires"},"content":{"rendered":"

La valeur probante des documents \u00e9lectroniques et des r\u00e9seaux sociaux est de plus en plus pr\u00e9sente dans les l\u00e9gislations du monde entier. Il semble que le besoin croissant de reconna\u00eetre l'utilisation des nouvelles technologies dans la vie quotidienne ait conduit les juges \u00e0 \u00e9valuer les documents \u00e9lectroniques pour d\u00e9terminer s'ils ont la valeur que leur accorde la loi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En ce sens, il convient d'analyser en vertu de quelles r\u00e8gles la valeur probante de ces documents \u00e9lectroniques et des r\u00e9seaux sociaux est appliqu\u00e9e, mais surtout comment savoir s'ils sont conformes aux \u00e9l\u00e9ments de conviction selon les r\u00e8gles de la bonne critique ou en tant que simple indication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qu'est-ce qu'une preuve dans une proc\u00e9dure judiciaire ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La preuve est un \u00e9l\u00e9ment mat\u00e9riel qui permet de cr\u00e9er une argumentation visant \u00e0 prouver la v\u00e9rit\u00e9 ou la fausset\u00e9 d'un fait ou d'une chose. Mais elle d\u00e9pend de l'efficacit\u00e9 de ces moyens et des d\u00e9bats qui ont lieu \u00e0 partir de leur admission, ce qui signifie que si elle est \u00e9valu\u00e9e comme un \u00e9l\u00e9ment logique, elle peut donner un sens \u00e0 une sentence \u00e9mise par le juge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La principale caract\u00e9ristique de l'admission et de la valeur probante de chaque \u00e9l\u00e9ment de preuve pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 est qu'il doit rester inalt\u00e9rable. Dans le cas contraire, lorsque le changement ou l'alt\u00e9ration est prouv\u00e9, il devient irrecevable aux yeux du juge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les m\u00e9dias sociaux peuvent-ils \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s comme preuve dans une proc\u00e9dure judiciaire ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dans le cas du Venezuela, la Loi sur les messages de donn\u00e9es et les signatures \u00e9lectroniques<\/a> \u00e9tablit le cadre juridique de ces technologies. Elle d\u00e9finit le message de donn\u00e9es comme toute information intelligible sous forme \u00e9lectronique qui peut \u00eatre stock\u00e9e ou \u00e9chang\u00e9e par tout moyen. L'article 4 pr\u00e9cise que ce type de document a la m\u00eame force probante qu'un document \u00e9crit. En outre, il est r\u00e9gi par les dispositions relatives \u00e0 la preuve libre du code de proc\u00e9dure civile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C'est pourquoi de nombreux juges ont consid\u00e9r\u00e9 les d\u00e9clarations sur les m\u00e9dias sociaux comme des preuves fiables d'actes punissables. Parce qu'elles sont valables en tant que messages de donn\u00e9es et documents \u00e9lectroniques et qu'elles ne violent pas le droit \u00e0 la vie priv\u00e9e en raison de la nature publique des r\u00e9seaux sociaux. Parce qu'au moment de la cr\u00e9ation d'un profil sur la plateforme et de l'acceptation des conditions g\u00e9n\u00e9rales, la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 des informations publi\u00e9es est transf\u00e9r\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avis de la Cour supr\u00eame de justice<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En ce sens, les pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents existant dans le pays sont tr\u00e8s clairs : les r\u00e9seaux sociaux et les documents \u00e9lectroniques ont une valeur probante. Comme le montre l'arr\u00eat n\u00b0 769, rendu par la Chambre de cassation civile de la Cour supr\u00eame de justice le 24 octobre 2007 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cLe document \u00e9lectronique ou le message de donn\u00e9es est un moyen de preuve atypique, dont le support original est contenu dans la base de donn\u00e9es d'un PC ou dans le serveur de l'entreprise et c'est sur lui que doit reposer la preuve\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il est donc entendu qu'il peut \u00eatre catalogu\u00e9 comme preuve libre, puisqu'il s'agit d'un instrument qui provient d'un support informatique et qui est enregistr\u00e9 sur un support susceptible d'\u00eatre reproduit. Il doit donc \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un autre document qui sert de moyen pour son transfert au dossier. Et il aura la m\u00eame force probante que celle attribu\u00e9e par la loi aux copies ou aux reproductions photostatiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les courriels et les messages Whatsapp ont-ils \u00e9galement une valeur probante ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dans le cas des courriels et des messages Whatsapp, ce type de message de donn\u00e9es n'est pas transmis par des canaux publics, ce qui implique l'utilisation de diff\u00e9rents syst\u00e8mes d'\u00e9valuation qui d\u00e9terminent leur statut probatoire. Par cons\u00e9quent, seules les personnes concern\u00e9es par ces messages peuvent les fournir \u00e0 titre de preuve dans le cadre d'une proc\u00e9dure judiciaire, faute de quoi ils sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme ayant \u00e9t\u00e9 obtenus par des moyens illicites et sont exclus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De m\u00eame, ces conversations peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es comme preuves devant les tribunaux si elles remplissent certaines conditions :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. L'extraction des informations doit \u00eatre autoris\u00e9e par le juge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2.  Ils doivent \u00eatre tra\u00e7ables et consultables apr\u00e8s leur publication.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Ils doivent \u00eatre authentifi\u00e9s par un expert en informatique.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Ils doivent \u00eatre compl\u00e9t\u00e9s par d'autres moyens de preuve.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Valeur probante d'un document \u00e9lectronique<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    La preuve sera valide si la partie adverse ne la conteste pas, sinon des preuves d'experts doivent \u00eatre ajout\u00e9es pour prouver l'authenticit\u00e9 des messages de donn\u00e9es provenant de la messagerie \u00e9lectronique, de WhatsApp et des r\u00e9seaux sociaux. Il faut \u00e9galement prouver que les messages ont \u00e9t\u00e9 obtenus l\u00e9galement, soit parce qu'ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 fournis par les participants, et qu'ils ne violent aucun droit fondamental tel que le droit \u00e0 la vie priv\u00e9e, le droit \u00e0 l'intimit\u00e9, la protection des donn\u00e9es, entre autres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    De m\u00eame, les conditions de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 doivent \u00eatre garanties afin d'annuler toute tentative de modification, de transformation ou de destruction de l'information. Il incombe donc aux laboratoires de criminalistique informatique de s\u00e9curiser ces informations en vue de leur utilisation dans des proc\u00e9dures judiciaires ult\u00e9rieures et d'\u00e9tablir des crit\u00e8res d'admissibilit\u00e9 de ce type de preuves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Si vous souhaitez obtenir de plus amples informations ou des conseils sur ce sujet ou sur d'autres questions li\u00e9es au droit p\u00e9nal, veuillez contacter contactez-nous \u00e0 l'adresse suivante<\/a> via notre formulaire. Nous partageons \u00e9galement avec vous nos r\u00e9seaux sociaux afin que vous puissiez vous tenir au courant des sujets juridiques d'actualit\u00e9 : Instagram<\/a>, Facebook<\/a>, Twitter<\/a> y Linkedin<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    El valor probatorio en los documentos electr\u00f3nicos y las redes sociales es cada vez m\u00e1s com\u00fan en las legislaciones del mundo. Pareciera que la creciente necesidad de reconocer el uso de las nuevas tecnolog\u00edas en el quehacer cotidiano, ha logrado que los jueces aprecien los documentos electr\u00f3nicos, para determinar si tienen el valor que la […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2063,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","omw_enable_modal_window":"enable","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-formacion-legal","entry","has-media"],"yoast_head":"\nRedes sociales como prueba y documentos en un proceso legal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Descubre en este post c\u00f3mo funcionan los documentos electr\u00f3nicos y las redes sociales como prueba en un proceso legal.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/venfort.com\/fr\/les-documents-electroniques-et-les-reseaux-sociaux-comme-elements-de-preuve-dans-les-procedures-judiciaires\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Redes sociales como prueba y documentos en un proceso legal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Descubre en este post c\u00f3mo funcionan los documentos electr\u00f3nicos y las redes sociales como prueba en un proceso legal.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" 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